Re: Collection to Etteilla followers ; theme JGSS

61
A further Etteilla report by a daughter-in-law of the 7th Prince of Ligne

Memoirs of the Princesse de Ligne, Band 1, pages 59-62
https://books.google.de/books?id=exJ9AA ... la&f=false

****************

Image


Charles-Joseph de Ligne (1735†1814),
7e prince de Ligne.
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_de_Ligne
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-Joseph_de_Ligne
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-J ... e_of_Ligne

Image


Charles-Joseph Antoine de Ligne, a son (1759-1792)
https://www.geni.com/people/Charles-de- ... 2188453354

Image


Helena Massalska or Potocka, the daughter-in-law
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Apolonia_Massalska
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Potocka
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hélène_Massalska
Huck
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Re: Collection to Etteilla followers ; theme JGSS

62
Jean_Philippe_Eugène_de_Mérode, also Comte de Mérode (1670-1732)
Father of the husband of Marie Catherine

Image


Biographies
http://www.spanishsuccession.nl/merode_westerloo.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Phil ... _de_Mérode

Author of ...
MÉMOIRES DE FELD-MARÉCHAL COMTE DE MÉRODE-WESTERLOO, CHEVALIER DE LA TOISON D'OR, CAPITAINE DES TRABANS DE L'EMPEREUR CHARLES VI, ETC., ETC.
Jean Philippe Eugène de Mérode-Westerloo
Société Typographique Belge, Ad. Wahlen Et Compagnie, 1840
https://books.google.de/books/about/MÉM ... edir_esc=y

**************



Husband of Marie Catherine


https://gw.geneanet.org/jeadeg60yahoo?l ... =de+merode
Huck
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1784 high water .... Collection to Etteilla ...

63
I talked with a cousin about high water in Cologne ...

There were 3 events in 20th century .... reaching 10,69 as the highest, about 7 meters higher than normal (1926, 1993 and 1995)
There was one from the Magdalenenhochwasser 1342 , known as a Millenium event, which had 11, 52 ... this event caused much trouble in Germany, Austria and Northern Italy and also regions in the east. In Germany it was stronger near to the Alps than in Cologne.
And there was one in February 1784 with 13, 84 , in Cologne more than 2 meters higher than the mega-catastrophe of the Magdalenenevent. This event was connected to a very cold winter with more than a meter ice on the Rhine, so that the people of Cologne could celebrate festivities on the frozen water. A very quick raise of the temperature caused the catastrophe, at which one third of the city was affected by the water.

I became curious and I looked for an earthquake-event nearby.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laki .... vulcano eruptions in 1783-1785 at Iceland.
also ... https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laki-Krater
also ... https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakagígar
.....
Consequences in Europe

An estimated 120,000,000 tonnes of sulfur dioxide was emitted, about three times the total annual European industrial output in 2006 (but delivered to higher altitudes, hence its persistence), and equivalent to six times the total 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption.[13][9] This outpouring of sulfur dioxide during unusual weather conditions caused a thick haze to spread across western Europe, resulting in many thousands of deaths throughout the remainder of 1783 and the winter of 1784.[citation needed]

The summer of 1783 was the hottest on record and a rare high-pressure zone over Iceland caused the winds to blow to the south-east.[13] The poisonous cloud drifted to Bergen in Denmark–Norway, then spread to Prague in the Kingdom of Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) by 17 June, Berlin by 18 June, Paris by 20 June, Le Havre by 22 June, and Great Britain by 23 June. The fog was so thick that ships stayed in port, unable to navigate, and the sun was described as "blood coloured".[13]

Inhaling sulfur dioxide gas causes victims to choke as their internal soft tissues swell – the gas reacts with the moisture in the lungs and produces sulfurous acid.[19] The local death rate in Chartres was up by 5% during August and September, with more than 40 dead. In Great Britain, the east of England was most affected. The records show that the additional deaths were among outdoor workers; the death rate in Bedfordshire, Lincolnshire, and the east coast was perhaps two or three times the normal rate. It has been estimated that 23,000 British people died from the poisoning.[20]

The weather became very hot, causing severe thunderstorms with large hailstones that were reported to have killed cattle,[21] until the haze dissipated in the autumn. The winter of 1783–1784 was very severe;[22] the naturalist Gilbert White in Selborne, Hampshire, reported 28 days of continuous frost. The extreme winter is estimated to have caused 8,000 additional deaths in the UK. During the spring thaw, Germany and Central Europe reported severe flood damage.[13] This is considered part of a volcanic winter.[23]

The meteorological impact of Laki continued, contributing significantly to several years of extreme weather in Europe. In France, the sequence of extreme weather events included a failed harvest in 1785 that caused poverty for rural workers, as well as droughts, bad winters and summers. These events contributed significantly to an increase in poverty and famine that may have contributed to the French Revolution in 1789.[23] Laki was only one factor in a decade of climatic disruption, as Grímsvötn was erupting from 1783 to 1785, and there may have been an unusually strong El Niño effect from 1789 to 1793.[24][25]
Huck
http://trionfi.com

1784 .... Mesmer and Gebelin ... Collection to Etteilla

64
https://marilynkaydennis.wordpress.com/ ... er-part-3/
After the official condemnation of animal magnetism, Doctor Mesmer is mocked in theatres, through farces ridiculing the “magician”. Versatile Paris rushes to the Theatre des Italiens to applaud a comedy: Les Docteurs modernes. Shouts of laughter are heard from the boxes at each verse, and the actors laugh along with the spectators. To add to his woes, Mesmer treats an occultist philosopher, Court de Gebelin, who writes a letter of congratulation to him, and has it inserted into the gazettes… on the exact same day that he dies from a heart attack. Immense laughter throughout Paris. This can be read in Le Mercure:

“Monsieur Court de Gebelin has just died, cured by animal magnetism.”

However, it is with Mesmer, that begins the long history of psychic medicine, which will give birth to the Nancy School, then Charcot, then Janet, then Freud, then modern group psychotherapies. But Franz Anton Mesmer, discouraged, leaves France, renounces, effaces himself.
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Court_de_Gébelin
Im Jahre 1773 gründete er den Göttlichen Orden der Philaleten, der sich um das Wiederentdecken alter Weisheiten und das Studium der Kabbala bemühte. In den Jahren 1773 bis 1782 veröffentlichte er die ersten neun Bände des unvollendeten, auf 30 Bände ausgelegte Werkes Le Monde primitif, analysé et comparé avec le monde moderne […], das von der Französischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zweimal ausgezeichnet wurde. Im Jahre 1781 wurde er zum königlichen Zensor ernannt und in die American Academy of Arts and Sciences gewählt. Im Frühjahr 1783 erkrankte Antoine Court de Gébelin, wobei ihn der damals in Paris weilende Arzt Franz Anton Mesmer behandelte. Von diesem nur teilweise geheilt, erkrankte Court de Gébelin erneut und starb am 12. Mai 1784.
Others claim the 10th of May as death date.
Translated: In 1773 he founded the Divine Order of Philaletes, which sought to rediscover ancient wisdom and study the Kabbalah. Between 1773 and 1782 he published the first nine volumes of the unfinished 30-volume work Le Monde primitif, analysé et comparé avec le monde moderne [...], which was awarded twice by the French Academy of Sciences. In 1781 he was appointed royal censor and elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In the spring of 1783, Antoine Court de Gébelin fell ill and was treated by the doctor Franz Anton Mesmer, who was in Paris at the time. Only partially cured, Court de Gébelin fell ill again and died on May 12, 1784.

A Wicked Pack of Cards, page 64
... Mesmer, who had arrived in Paris from Vienna in 1778, and joined Mesmer's Society of Universal Harmony; one of the lectures early February 1783 to Court de Gébelin's Musée de Paris was by the Mesmerist Jean-Louis Carra, who apparently spoke on sound-waves and sound waves. In March 1783, Court de Gébelin became the victim of a very grave affliction to his legs, and applied to Mesmer for a cure. Convinced that the cure had been successful, he circulated a letter to all the subscribers to Monde primitif, enthusiastically reporting his cure and asserting that Mesmerism gave the clue to the nature of primitive science. Alas! his malady soon returned with great severity. He went back to Mesmer for further treatment, and, on 12 May 1784, fell dead while attached to a magnetic tub. The manner of his death prompted a satiric epitaph:

Ci-gît ce pauvre Gébelin,
Qui parloit Grec, Hébreu, Latin;
Admirez tous son héroisme:
Il fut martyr du magnétisme.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Mesmer
....
Investigation
In 1784, without Mesmer requesting it, King Louis XVI appointed four members of the Faculty of Medicine as commissioners to investigate animal magnetism and Mesmerism. At the request of these commissioners, the king appointed Baron de Breteuil, minister of the Department of Paris, to establish investigative commissions. One was composed of individuals from the Royal Academy of Sciences, and the other of individuals the from Academy of Sciences and the Faculty of Medicine. The investigative teams included the chemist Antoine Lavoisier, the doctor Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, the astronomer Jean Sylvain Bailly, and the American ambassador Benjamin Franklin.[15][16]
The commission conducted a series of experiments aimed not just at determining whether Mesmer's treatment worked, but whether he had discovered a new physical fluid. The commission concluded that there was no evidence for such a fluid. Whatever benefit the treatment produced was attributed to "imagination". One of the commissioners, the botanist Antoine Laurent de Jussieu took exception to the official reports, authoring a dissenting opinion.[6]
The commission did not examine Mesmer specifically, but instead observed the practice of d'Eslon. They used blind trials, blindfolding the subjects, in their investigation, and the commission found that Mesmerism only seemed to work when the subject was aware of it. Their findings are considered the first observation of the placebo effect.[17] Even d'Eslon himself was convinced by the commission, stating that, "the imagination thus directed to the relief of suffering humanity would be a most valuable means in the hands of the medical profession."[15]
Mesmer was driven into exile soon after the investigations on animal magnetism. However, his influential student, Amand-Marie-Jacques de Chastenet, Marquis of Puységur (1751–1825), continued to have many followers until his death.[18]
Mesmer continued to practice in Frauenfeld, Switzerland, for a number of years. He died in 1815 in Meersburg, Germany


https://exhibits.stanford.edu/super-e/f ... -1734-1815
....
Mesmer's followers were prolific, publishing hundreds of tracts and treatises on animal magnetism. Apart from Puységur, his two leading disciples were Nicolas Bergasse, a lawyer from Lyon, and Guillaume Kornmann, a banker from Strasbourg. Bergasse and Kornmann helped Mesmer to found the Société de l'harmonie universelle. Within two years, the society had earned almost 350,000 livres and spawned three provincial societies. By the spring of 1784, mesmerism had become such a craze that it imposed itself on the attention of the king. At his instigation, the Baron de Breteuil, minister of the Department of Paris, appointed two commissions to investigate the practice. One was drawn from the Royal Society of Medicine and the other from the Academy of Sciences and the Faculty of Medicine. The chemist Antoine Lavoisier and Benjamin Franklin, experts on the imponderable fluids of heat and electricity, respectively, chaired the Academy and Faculty commission. The inquiry was a landmark event: the first government investigation of scientific fraud and the earliest instance of formal, psychological testing using what would now be called a placebo sham and a method of blind assessment.

The commissioners began by assuming that mesmeric effects were due not to a nervous fluid, but instead to the faculty of imagination. They devised a method for, in their terms, isolating the action of Mesmer's hypothetical fluid from the action of the patient's imagination. One of their main instruments, which they meticulously described in their report, was a blindfold. They used it, for example, on one of their experimental subjects, a peasant woman with ailing eyes. While she wore the blindfold, one of the commissioners played the role of Deslon, who had agreed to serve as the commission's mesmerist, and pretended to "magnetize" her, successfully causing a mesmeric crisis. In fact, Deslon was in another room attempting to magnetize the gouty and kidney-stone-ridden, yet healthily skeptical, Franklin. The commissioners also had Deslon magnetize subjects from behind a screen, concealed from view, and recorded that in these cases, the treatment had no discernible effect. They concluded that mesmeric effects were due to an as yet largely unknown power: not a nervous fluid, but the power of imagination. (A top secret supplementary report, for the King's eyes only, noted that mesmeric patients were usually women and mesmerists always men. In light of this, the report proposed that so-called "mesmeric crises" were often in fact the manifestations of a different "convulsive state" arising from the latter sex's ability to "arouse" the former.)

Following the roundly negative conclusion of the investigation - both commissions denied the existence of the animal magnetic fluid - Mesmer left Paris and moved about for a period in England and on the continent. During the French Revolution, he lost all the money he had made in France, but afterward, he successfully negotiated with Napoleon's government for a pension. He kept an unprecedentedly low profile for the remainder of his life, which he spent mostly in his native land, and died in Meersburg, near Lake Constance, on 5 March 1815.


Mesmerism in England
https://www.historytoday.com/reviews/me ... ian-london
Huck
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