Captain Fracasse, card in Belgian Tarot

1
... refers to
viewtopic.php?f=14&t=113&start=90
post of Steven
The Book of the Prick, though 16th century and Italian, may provide some context and an example of pornographic satirical works:

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WZ_k ... q=&f=false

Academies such as those of the Bugiale or Intrannati (as discussed in the preface of the above book) may be used as exemplars of similar academies / societies that can be found from the 16th century on in many places such as England and in France. I have suggested elsewhere that the Belgium pattern, which places the fool at 22 and replaces the Pope with Bacchus and Popesse with Spanish Captain, is the product of members of such a society of Dutch artists that were based in Rome.
I wonder, if the Comedia dell'arte figure of Captain Fracasse or Fracassa has anything to do with ...

OOps, serious error ... I mixed Gaspare Sanseverino (this was called "Fracasso") ... so I've to repair this

Giovan Francesco da San Severino called "Fracasse" IS WRONG
this is the right biography
http://www.condottieridiventura.it/cond ... VERINO.htm

... who was as a type of a condottiero very contrasting (somehow with a rather rough appearance, which couldn't do well at courtly festivities, but better on the battlefields) to his elegant and famous brother Galeazzo Sanseverino, who was a famous tournament knight and admired salon hero and was prefered against the more factual Trivulzio (who left Milan cause of this and returned later with the French army) and got much responsibility for Milan in the critical phase 1499 and was not able to fulfill the task (Milan was lost in a quick storm).

THIS (which follows) WAS WRONG (now repaired), as it was done by his brother Giovan Francesco da San Severino
Giovan Francesco da San Severino for his part changed sides and fought with the French already in September 1499 and later - after Milan was taken - was engaged to attack Naples, which ended with the flight of the king of Naples and Giovan Francesco da San Severino's entry in the city (for France) in August 1501.
Giovan Francesco da San Severino himself died a month later ... etc.
The real Fracasso alias Gaspare Sanseverino didn't go to the French side, but lived a longer life till 1519, this in very different situations, occasionally in prison or captivity and in the end of it in misery. His various attempts to get a splendid position mostly worked out only for a short time, his great name "Sanseverino" opened the doors to popes, the emperor, doges and other persons of importance, but his difficult character seems to have made it difficult to tolerate him longer time.

**********
It seems that there was a mixing in the comedia dell'arte between the figure of "Fracasse" and "Matamore", which in Spanish somehow translates to "killing moors".

I don't know, when Fracasse made his first appearance on the stage of the Comedia dell'arte.

For the Belgian Tarot it's surely of some importance, that Spain / Austrian Habsburg controlled a good part of modern Belgian territory till around 1794.
These Northern possessions of Spain are somewhat curios ... I myself lived some time in one of two villages 20-30 km west of Cologne (so actually in Germany), which were "Spanish possession" some centuries ago, by the older inhabitants in funny expression called occasionally "Klein-Spanien" ("small Spain"). The distance to Belgium might be about 70 km.
Last edited by Huck on 24 Mar 2010, 19:18, edited 3 times in total.
Huck
http://trionfi.com

Re: Captain Fracasse, card in Belgian Tarot

2
It's a somehow interesting observation, that the author Gautier in 1863 realized a roman "Le capitain Fracasse"

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Capitaine_Fracasse

The Italian Wikipedia article with more detailed content gives the information, that the work has 22 chapters ... which somehow creates the idea, that this work might have been styled according Tarot iconography or system (which is not recognizable immediately, knowing the titles of the chapters alone)

http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_Capitan_Fracassa

The roman was interpreted later in various movies.
Huck
http://trionfi.com

Re: Captain Fracasse, card in Belgian Tarot

3
The Wikipedia-article "Il Capitano" about the specific comedia dell'arte character knows various names:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il_Capitano
The Captain is sometimes depicted without a mask. When a mask is used, it is usually flesh-hued with a large nose and a moustache that is either straight and bristly or turned up at the corners. Sometimes older versions are shown wearing a pair of glasses; although used to compensate for his poor vision, Capitano will insist that it is so the brilliant or fierce glint in his handsome eyes will not outshine the sun.

He is dressed in his military uniform, which is multi-colored and covered in shiny buttons, but often shown patched and looking very worn. In one famous scenario, the Captain makes up a lie regarding the reason for his lack of an undershirt by claiming that it got that way because "I used to be an exceedingly fierce and violent man, and when I was made angry the hair which covers my body in goodly quantity stood on end and so riddled my shirt with holes that you would have taken it for a sieve." The real reason is that he has been too poor to afford one. Sometimes he wears it with a helmet or a bicorne or tricorne hat with a huge plume. Spanish characters often wear an exaggerated large neck-ruff.

He also wears his trademark sword at all times, though it is exclusively for show. If he were to ever work up enough nerve to draw it, it is usually too long to draw easily or too heavy or wobbly to wield properly. Even if he cut somebody with it, he would faint at the very sight of the blood.

When frightened, he often screams in a high and womanly falsetto, or else faints.
[edit] Noms de Guerres

Il Capitano usually has a properly showy name for himself, preferably several lines long with many made-up titles and lists of relations following it.

Some names are fierce-sounding, like: Escobombardon ("Fired Out of a Cannon"), Rodomonte ("Crashes Into a Mountain"), Sangre y Fuego (Spanish > "Blood and Fire"), Spaccamonti ("Mountain Burster"), Spezzaferro (Italian > either "Iron-Splinter" or "Broken Sword"), or Terremoto ("Earthquake"). Some names are ironic, like: Bella-Vista ("Beautiful View", a vain but ugly man) or Fracasso (Italian > "Skirmish" or "Big Noise"). Some are dismissive, like: Cerimonia ("Ceremony", all proper manners and rigid, slavish devotion to pointless details), Coccodrillo (Italian >"Crocodile", because he preys on others), Fanfarone ("Trumpeter" or "Loudmouth"), Giangurgulo ("John the Glutton"), Grillo ("Grasshopper", because he is small and 'hops' sides), Mala-Gamba ("Bad Leg"), Meo-Squasquara ("Little Shit"), Papirotonda ("Round Letter", a complaint signed by munitnous soldiers or sailors in a circle around the main text so the ringleaders or originators cannot be discerned), Taglia-Cantoni ("Small-Sized"), and Zerbino (Italian > "Doormat"). He is also prone to awarding himself ridiculous titles like Capitano Spavento della Vall'Inferna (Italian > "Captain Fear, (Lord) of Hell's Valley"), Salvador de los Virgenes Burraches (Spanish > "Savior of Drunken Virgins"), or Sieur de Fracassco et Brise-tout (French > "Lord of 'Knock it down' and 'Break everything'").
Modern Italian gives "demolish" or "destroying" for "fracassare".

Florio's Italian-English wordbook of 1611 didn't give this word.
http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/florio/209small.html

So possibly the word was made by the comedia dell'arte figure, and possibly the comedia dell'arte figure by the person?
Huck
http://trionfi.com

Re: Captain Fracasse, card in Belgian Tarot

4
Good evening,
Huck wrote:Modern Italian gives "demolish" or "destroying" for "fracassare".
Florio's Italian-English wordbook of 1611 didn't give this word.
http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/florio/209small.html
the Godefroy dictionary (old french) attests the word in french since the XVIth century, and gives a translation of Merlin Coccai as an exemple
http://www.micmap.org/dicfro/?d=gdf&w=fracasser
So I checked Pierre Canal 1603 "dictionnaire français italien" and the word fracassare (and its variants) is there :
Image


Bertrand

Re: Captain Fracasse, card in Belgian Tarot

5
hi Bertrand ...

... probably it runs together, that the expression is old and the person Gaspare Sanseverino was nicknamed "Fracasso", cause he did fit with that, what the words describes. "very strong, strange behavior, often connected to conflicts".
At least he was not connected to the description "Spanish officer" ... but he had some time in Venice, and Venice is beside Naples one of the two places, where the comedia dell'arte is said to have developed.
Huck
http://trionfi.com

Re: Captain Fracasse, card in Belgian Tarot

7
I have found this:

Image


The second trump features the first non-standard subject, Captain Fracasse, the fictional swordsman of noble descent whose feats became popular throughout Europe as of the late 16th-early 17th century. :D

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Last edited by macaroon on 05 Oct 2012, 16:38, edited 1 time in total.
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