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Trionfi.com: News ... Königsrufen

Posted: 08 Jul 2020, 01:28
by Huck
Königrufen is a Tarock variant and it has an English explanation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Königrufen
and a German ...
The English laudatio:
Königrufen or Königsrufen (German: "Call the King"[2]) is a four-player, trick-taking card game of the tarot family, played in Austria and Southern Tyrol. As with other regional tarot card games, it is usually called Tarock (the German term for tarot card games) by its players. It is the only variant of Tarock that is played over most of Austria[3] and, in 2001, was the most popular card game in Austria after Schnapsen and Rommé.[4] By 2015, it had become "the favourite card game of Austrians".[5] It has been described as the most interesting tarot game for four players,[6] the "Game of Kings", a game that requires intelligence and, with 22 trumps in play, as good "training for the brain".[7]
In comparison with other card games, Königrufen may be played with a wide range of possible contracts. The name of the game comes from the practice in the most basic contracts of naming a specific King in order to choose a playing partner, known as "calling a King". In most contracts the four players form two sides – either two against two or one against three – who compete to score the majority of the card points. According to the rules, the 54 cards have a total value of 70 points.
Although the basic rules of Austrian Königrufen are common, the contract announcements and bonuses and their values have a large number of variations. Many private groups play by their own house rules. In addition, more widely accepted tournament rules have emerged, although these vary considerably from region to region. This makes Königrufen the most varied of all the Tarock games.[8] Regular tournament series have been held since the 1990s and, since 2008, an annual Austrian Final has taken place.[9]
Well, this might be a game, which is similar interesting as the game Doppelkopf, what I mention occasionally.

The game is played with 54 cards, shown here ...
Image
You see, that the trumps 1-2-3-4 are selected for special reasons, similar to the selection of trumps 1-2-3-4 in the Bolognese Tarocchino and similar to the selection of the trumps 2-3-4-5 in the Piedmontese Tarocchi, which are discussed momentary in the thread "Problems with positing the Papi in the Ur-Tarot".
In this case (Königsrufen) the 4 cards get new names (bird names):

Trump 4: Quapil or Maradu
Trump 3: Kakadu or Pelikan
Trump 2: Uhu
Trump 1: Spatz or Pagad

The strange names go back to 4 bird pictures in an animal in 18th century ...
Image

Development of the Birds

The (usually four) lowest tarocks are called Birds (Vögel, usually dialectically Vogerln = "little birds"). Their special feature is the bonus to be made from the final tricks of the game, corresponding to their respective number. Thus if Tarock I wins the last trick or Tarock II wins the penultimate trick, etc., the player earns a bonus.[33] Consequently, there is also a penalty for losing a bird in such an attempt.

The oldest bird is the Tarock I, the Pagat. Its role in the last trick is clearly older than Königrufen itself. It was first attested in Italy during the 16th century.[34] [The footnote 34 goes to "Caldwell, Ross Sinclair; Depaulis, Thierry; Ponzi, Marco (2018). Con gli occhi et con l'intelletto (2nd ed.). USA: Lulu.com. pp. 55, 68."]
It has been known as bagatto ultimo in Piedmont since the 18th century. At that time Milan belonged to the Habsburg Monarchy, and in this way the bonus and the term came to Austria. There it was further introduced that the Pagat ultimo can also be declared beforehand, very probably taken from a similar announcement in Hundertspiel, an Austrian version of the originally Italian card game, Trappola.[35] The Pagat ultimo became a characteristic feature of almost all Tarock variants in the Habsburg Empire.[33]

Although there were already similar bonuses in Hundertspiel,[36] it was only in the 20th century that the idea arose of extending the bonus of the Pagat ultimo to higher tarocks and earlier tricks, initially to the Eagle Owl (Uhu). In 1937, this name was first used for the Tarock II in Franz Unger's Kleiner Lehrbuch des Tarockes in seinen schönsten Arten ("Little Textbook of Tarock in its Best Ways"); there, however, the bonus was awarded for playing the Owl in the last trick. Later, the penultimate trick became the norm.[33]

Traditionally, the term 'Eagle Owl' was assumed to be a humorous nickname for the eagle on the card, itself inspired by the Austrian imperial eagle, and analogous to the term 'cuckoo' (Kuckuck) being used for a pledge seal. However, research revealed that the term first appeared in 1902 in Hungary in the card game Alsós, a variant of Jass for three players, which was heavily influenced by Tarock and was also played in Austria under the name Vannakspiel. There, the Deuce of Bells was called the Eagle Owl and a bonus was awarded if it took the penultimate trick. Why it was called an eagle owl is unclear; the same word, Uhu, is used in Hungarian for an eagle owl, but its connexion with playing cards is not clear.[33]

From the game of Alsós the concept was transferred to Hungarian Tarock and was part of an essential refinement of the game in the 1920s, which led to the variant, Illustrated Hungarian Tarock. Now the Pagát uhu could also be played, i.e. the Pagat in the penultimate trick. The migration of the term to Austria seems to have led to its meaning being transferred to the Tarock II.[33]

Apparently in analogy to the eagle owl, the Pagat was now nicknamed the 'Sparrow', which gave rise to the concept of "Birds". It was now obvious to include higher tarocks as well. This happened several times independently, resulting in several different names for the higher "Birds". Often bird names with the appropriate number of syllables were preferred. Thus the names Cockatoo (Kakadu), Pelican (Pelikan) and Canary (Kanari), among others, were coined for the Tarock III. For the Tarock IIII, names included Marabou (Marabu i.e. the Marabou Stork), Bearded Vulture (Lammergeier), Cock-a-Doodle-Doo (Kikeriki) and Wild Boar (Wildsau); however Quapil, a German family name of Czech origin (from kvapil = "he has healed") has become generally accepted.[37] In this case, too, it is unclear how this became the name of the card.

Playing up to the Quapil is the norm today; of the larger player communities only the Raiffeisen Tarock Cup restricts the Birds to the Pagat, Owl and Cockatoo.[38] But some circles even play the Tarock V or VI as a Bird, the former being referred to as the Dodo (Dronte).[33]
Königsrufen has other interesting features, but these are not of interest in the moment. Especially interesting is the "unknown partner mechanism" as MikeH named it once ....
Then in the evening came the presentation and practice session of Sicilian tarocchi, of a particular sort found in one or maybe two Sicilian towns. It was a partnership game in which the partners change each hand, and who they are is known to only one of the players. I never would have imagined such a thing, but there it was. And other wrinkles. The exhibition catalog (on which more later) has a two page summary of the rules, in Italian. The "unknown partner" mechanism is dealt with there, whether in enough detail to be comprehensible to someone who has not seen it in practice I do not know. It works.
viewtopic.php?f=24&t=1141&p=21205&hilit=palermo#p21205

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 12 Jul 2020, 13:13
by Huck
Spielkarten aus dem Landesmuseum Kärnten (c. 2002)
Elfriede Krauland
https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Rudolfinum_2 ... 5-0278.pdf

... contains a deck fragment from the end of 18th century (Gorizia)
Image

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 13 Jul 2020, 14:16
by Huck
Image
"Mundus Ludens in Tarockorum Lusu", somehow a Jesuitic school theatre project in Innsbruck, February 1759. The play is in a negative manner about the life of Martin Luther. Possibly there is a context to the reported condition, that Martin Luther had been connected to the Tarock or Troggen game in Switzerland (compare viewtopic.php?f=11&t=1023&p=15206#p15206 ). Tarock was there called occasionally Martin-Luter-Spil and possibly seen as the card of the Hermit.

https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/WissJbTirole ... 7-0183.pdf

https://www2.uibk.ac.at/downloads/Perio ... sbruck.pdf

The text had been listed between other Taroc appearances of mid 18th century:
posting.php?mode=edit&f=11&p=11693
1759 Pupils of Jesuits in Innsbruck give a theater play "Mundus ludens in tarockorum lusu adumbratus", a syntaxi minore oenipontana (in Innsbruck dialect) (Depaulis)

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 15 Jul 2020, 20:51
by Huck
Le tarot: Histoire, iconographie, ésotérisme
Gérard Van Rijnberk
FeniXX - 413 Seiten
https://books.google.de/books?id=G-xYDw ... navlinks_s
(according Google from 1981)

Likely the same book, other edition ....
Le Tarot, histoire, iconographie, ésotérisme ...
Dr. Gerard Abraham Van Rijnberk
P. Derain, 1947 - 371 Seiten
https://books.google.de/books?id=gWhymg ... AnoECAAQAQ

******************

The Esoteric Tarot: Ancient Sources Rediscovered in Hermeticism and Cabalah
Ronald Decker
Quest Books, 15.07.2013 - 312 Seiten
... writes about this author ....
Image



Interesting is a collection about the early European cards. The author seems to have had some knowledge about playing cards in the Netherlands.
https://books.google.de/books?id=G-xYDw ... s"&f=false

According Horst E. Miers, Lexikon des Geheimwissens, 1981, Prof. Der. med. G.A. van Riijnberk lived 1875-1953 and was a historian, researcher and bibliograph of the Martinism. He also published with the pseudonym of "Chateaurhin".

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 22 Jul 2020, 12:20
by Huck
Van Rensselaer, Mrs John King
Prophetical Educational and Playing Cards
1912
text in English.
https://www.gutenberg.org/files/42950/4 ... 2950-h.htm

Van Rensselaer, Mrs John King
The Devil's Picture Books, A History of Playing Cards.
1890
text in English.
https://archive.org/details/cu31924029917576

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 08 Aug 2020, 08:33
by Huck
A short note about Tarocchi production in Piedmont, if somebody is interested

Asti 1562-1575 (?) or Valle d'Aosta (?) .... "carta" in Appendice VIII (1573) ?

https://books.google.de/books?id=UWfr43 ... hi&f=false

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 08 Aug 2020, 09:19
by Ross G. R. Caldwell
Huck wrote: 08 Aug 2020, 08:33 A short note about Tarocchi production in Piedmont, if somebody is interested

Asti 1562-1575 (?) or Valle d'Aosta (?) .... "carta" in Appendice VIII (1573) ?

https://books.google.de/books?id=UWfr43 ... hi&f=false
"Carta" there is just paper. I don't see any reference to cardmaking, let alone Tarocchi, in Appendix VIII. Maybe the author took notes, and put them in the text, but forgot to label it in the Appendix. I'll check Depaulis.

Re: Trionfi.com ... Bayenturm

Posted: 15 Aug 2020, 04:18
by Huck
Image


The "Death with nude woman" is one of two addtional cards for the 5x14-deck of Master PW ...
http://trionfi.com/0/j/d/masterPW/
The second additional card is a "Salve Felix Colonia" ...
Image


... and the praised city is Köln in Germany. Yesterday my son and me had a longer walk and we passed here ...
https://www.google.com/maps/@50.923649, ... 312!8i6656
(picture from 2008)
... and we made an interesting observation (observation from 2020) ...
Image



... at one side of the street and at the other this tower called Bayenturm.
Image


And the Bayenturm has an information ...
Image

... which tells in short, what the article at wikipedia ...
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayenturm
... and the Stiftung FrauenMediaTurm gives in more sentences what the Turm is about.
https://frauenmediaturm.de/turm/geschichte-bayenturm/
Image
Somehow the Bayenturm is the Matterhorn of German Feminism. I don't know, in whose interests and with which ideas the opposing Death at the other side of the street was installed in recent times.

In the year 1262 the Bayenturm became a place of local rebellion, a sort of an early storm of the Bastille. The Cologne Erzbischof suffered, and the Cologne citizens enjoyed their freedom.

************

Added: I detected a page, which called the skeleton figure "Der kölsche Liebhaber" (Cologne Lover)
Image


https://www.koelnerstadtschreiber.de/ku ... liebhaber/
There is a date of 2017. So the picture exists at least since 2017. The advertising is from "Brings", a common band from Köln. They have a well known song "e Kölsche Jung", which would also give a good name for the skeleton in a satyrical sense.

https://youtu.be/npF0h4y9Br8
KÖLSCHE JUNG [AKUSTIK 2016] SONGTEXT
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh

Deutsch-Unterricht, dat wor nix för mich
Denn ming Sprooch die jof et do nit
"Sprech ödentlich" hät de Mam jesaht
Di Zeuchniss dat weed keene Hit
Ich sprech doch nur, ming eijene Sproch
Wuss nit, wat se vun mir will
Ejhal wat ich saachen dät
Et wor verkeht


Denn ich ben nur ne Kölsche Jung
Un mie Hätz, dat litt mer op d'r Zung
Op d'r Stross han ich ming Sprooch jeliehrt
Und jedes Wort wie tättowiert
Op minger Zung
Ich ben ne Kölsche Jung
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh, ich ben ne Kölsche Jung
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh

Hück ben ich jlöcklich, dat ich et kann
Uns Sprooch, die mäht uns doch us
Mor hürt schon von Wiggem
Wenn eener Kölsch schwaad
Do föhl ich mich direkt zu Hus
Wemmer se spreche, dann läävt se noch lang
Dann jeht se och niemols kapott
Uns Sprooch iss en Jeschenk
Vom leeve Jott

Denn ich ben nur ne Kölsche Jung
Un mie Hätz, dat litt mer op d'r Zung
Op d'r Stross han ich ming Sprooch jeliehrt
Und jedes Wort wie tättowiert
Op minger Zung
Ich ben ne Kölsche Jung
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh, ich ben ne Kölsche Jung
Oh oh oh yeoh
Oh oh oh yeoh
etc.

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 16 Aug 2020, 11:45
by Huck
Master PW worked for Bianca Maria Sforza, the wife of the later emperor Maximilian since 1493. When checking the dates of Bianca Maria I found that Bianca Maria had two earlier wedding or marriage arrangements (according https://persondata.toolforge.org/p/Johann_Corvinus and https://persondata.toolforge.org/p/Bianca_Maria_Sforza). There are doubts , if these were real marriage arrangements or only marriage agreements, which never realized:
Sforza, Bianca Maria (1472-1510)
römisch-deutsche Kaiserin (4. Februar 1508 bis 31. Dezember 1510)
Vater: Galeazzo Maria Sforza
Mutter: Bona von Savoyen
Ehepartner: Philibert I. (1476–1482) ... (= Philibert of Savoy 1465-1482)
Ehepartner: Johann Corvinus (1487–1493) (= Johann Corvinus 1473-1504, illegal son of father Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary, and mother Barbara Edelpöck).
Ehepartner: Maximilian I. (1494–1510) (= emperor Maximilian)


Material:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus
https://regiowiki.at/wiki/Barbara_Edelpöck
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Corvinus
https://www.biolex.ios-regensburg.de/Bi ... php?ID=678 .... to Johann Corvinus

According the biolex-link ...
Neben seinem Familienbesitz sollte die Herrschaftslegitimität C.s durch die 1487 pro cura geschlossene Ehe mit Bianca Maria Sforza, der reichen Tochter aus dem Mailänder Herzogsgeschlecht, erhöht werden, doch wartetet Ludovic il Moro mit dem Vollzug der Ehe, bis die Nachfolge C.s auf dem ungarischen Thron gesichert schien. Gegen die Intrigen der Königin, die als neapolitanische Aragonesin den Heiratsplan zu hintertreiben versuchte und sich selber Hoffnungen auf den ungarischen Thron machte, setzte Matthias 1485 ein neues Wahlgesetz durch, das die Nachfolge seines Sohnes begünstigen sollte.
Der bedeutendste außenpolitische Gegner der hunyadischen Erbfolge war Kaiser Friedrich III., der seinem Haus im Vertrag von Wiener Neustadt 1463 die Nachfolge in Ungarn gesichert hatte, falls Matthias ohne legitime Erben sterben sollte. Als Matthias 1490 starb, trug der habsburgisch-hunyadische Gegensatz wesentlich dazu bei, daß sich die Mehrheit des ungarischen Adels durch die geschickte und ränkevolle Intervention von Tamás Bakócz und János Filipec für einen dritten Kandidaten entschied. Zusammen mit Lőrincz Újlaki und János Ernuszt sowie anderen südungarischen Adeligen, versuchte C. seine Thronansprüche gegen Wladislaw IV. von Böhmen durchzusetzen, wurde aber am 4. Juli 1490 von dem Heer der gegnerischen Magnatenpartei unter István Báthory und Pál Kinizsi auf dem Csontmező entscheidend geschlagen. C., der bis auf das Herzogtum Troppau auf alle Besitzungen in Schlesien verzichten mußte, erkannte Wladislaw II. als König von Ungarn an und unterstützte ihn im Kampf gegen König Maximilian, der in Ungarn eingedrungen war, um seine Erbansprüche durchzusetzen. István (Stephan) Szapolyai nutzte den Kampf gegen den Habsburger aus, um sich des größten Teils des oberungarischen Besitzes von C. zu bemächtigen. Dafür wurde C. als Banus 1495-1497 mit der Verwaltung Kroatiens und Slawoniens betraut.
Nachdem Papst Innozenz VIII. 1490 die Ehe C.s mit Bianca Maria gelöst hatte, heiratete dieser 1496 Beatrix Frankapan und beendete die Fehde mit ihrem Vater Bernhard.
Wedding picture of Johann Corvinus 1486 by Baldassare Estense
Image

Re: Trionfi.com: News and Updates

Posted: 16 Aug 2020, 12:34
by Huck
Bianca Maria Sforza found recently attention by the reconstruction of the bride decoration ...

https://kristallwelten.swarovski.com/Co ... za.de.html
(includes a short movie)

Maximilian death year 1519 had recently the 500-years-anniversary
https://maximilian2019.tirol
https://blog.innsbruck.info/en/events/m ... tive-year/

Maximilian with Bianca Maria and Mary of Burgundy (Part of Goldenes Dachl in Innsbruck)
Image


Dissertation (2015): Daniela Unterholzner
"Bianca Maria Sforza (1472–1510) Herrschaftliche Handlungsspielräume einer Königin vor dem Hintergrund von Hof, Familie und Dynastie"
https://docplayer.org/34392373-Bianca-maria-sforza.html